1 Mobile Computing for Healthcare
Florida International University Mobile Computing- TCN 6275 Professor: Dr. Niki Pissinou By Eva Leal “The world is one call away.” Dr. Feng Zhao eHealth Coordinator, Africa Health Department, World Bank
2 Overview Healthcare System eHealth mHealth Conclusion References
Basic concepts & Goals eHealth Definition & Services Goe mHealth Barriers of implementation Conclusion References
3 Healthcare System Basic components: Major goal of Healthcare System
Consumers, providers, and payers Major goal of Healthcare System “Continuity of Healthcare” the result of good information flow, good interpersonal skills, and good coordination of care. Types: Informational continuity use of information to provide consistency and an appropriated service to patients linking past, and actual events from one provider, or to another. Relational continuity relationship between a patient and one or more providers. Management continuity provision of timely and complementary services within a shared management plan. [2]
4 eHealth Definition (by World Health Organization - WHO)
“… is the cost-effective and secure use of information and communications technologies in support of health and health-related fields, including health-care services, health surveillance, health literature, and health education, knowledge and research“[3] Services: Electronic health records, Telemedicine, Consumer health informatics, Health knowledge management, mHealth, Healthcare Information Systems, among others. Global Observatory for eHealth (GOe -2005) Created to improve health by providing Member States with strategic information and guidance on effective practices, policies and standards in eHealth. Operates within the eHealth unit of the Department of Knowledge Management and Sharing (KMS) at WHO in Geneva. [4] WHO in collaboration with the ITU will provide guidance to Member States on the content and scope of data privacy and security policy for mobile telecommunications in health.
5 mHealth as a component of eHealth
“mHealth is the provision of health-related services via mobile communications using mobile devices” Categories of Services (WHO) Health call centers - health care advice service on the telephone Emergency toll-free telephone services - quick access to health professionals Managing emergencies and disasters - respond to and manage emergencies and disaster situations Mobile telemedicine - communication or consultation between health professionals about the patients or management of chronic diseases of patient living at home * e.g: mobile phone camera for consultation and diagnosis (China) * MDNet to provide free mobile-to-mobile voice and data service to associated physicians Appointment reminders – voice or SMS sent to patients to schedule appointments
6 mHealth as a component of eHealth
“mHealth is the provision of health-related services via mobile communications using mobile devices” Categories of Services (WHO) Community mobilization and health promotion - SMS for health promotions or campaigns Treatment compliance - remainder messages to achieve treatment compliance Mobile patient records - enable access to EMR at point-of-care Information access - access to health science publications or databases at point-of-care * e.g.: Canada case: nursing stations and home care nursing Patient monitoring - manage, monitor, and treat patient’s illness for a distance Health surveys and data collection - collection and report of health-related data Surveillance – input and transmission of data to track diseases for surveillance programs
7 mHealth as a component of eHealth
“mHealth is the provision of health-related services via mobile communications using mobile devices” Categories of Services (WHO) Health awareness raising - downloading health information onto mobile device requiring web browsing and data storage capabilities (products, games, or quiz programs) e.g.: SEXINFO by ISIS – gonorrhea rates among African American youth in San Francisco Decision support systems - software algorithms to advise health providers on clinical diagnoses
8 mHealth Global Services Chart
Source: Global Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3 mHealth by WHO [4]
9 mHealth Global Services Chart
Member States: 114 countries Offering at least one mHealth service: 83% Many countries offer four to six programs Most frequently reported service were: Health call centers: 59% Emergency toll-free telephone services: 55% Managing emergencies and disasters: 54% Mobile telemedicine:49% Least frequently reported service were: Health surveys: 26% Surveillance: 26% Awareness raising: 23% Decision support systems: 19% Source: Global Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3/ mHealth by WHO [4]
10 mHealth Global Response Chart
Source: Global Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3/ mHealth by WHO [4]
11 mHealth Implementation Barriers
“Both eHealth and mHealth are used to improve health outcomes and their technologies work in conjunction”. [5] Competing priorities Funding allocated to other programs ahead of mHealth Lack of knowledge Need for evaluation studies of mHealth applications Lack of appropriated policies Country or regional eHealth policy not recognizing mHealth as an approach to health-related issues Cost-effectiveness Lack of knowledge about the cost-effectiveness of available mHealth solutions
12 mHealth Implementation Barriers
Source: Global Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3 mHealth by WHO [4]
13 mHealth Implemented Projects
Source: mHealth for Development by UN & Vodafone [5]
14 Conclusions Health systems worldwide is facing multiple health challenges, chronic staff shortages, and limited budgets that makes their goals harder to reach. It is necessary and increasingly important the creation of effective policies in mHealth as the field matures.
16 References [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]